- Dupont scores quickfire hat-trick on Toulouse Top 14 return
- Ronaldo scores in Portugal's Nations League win as Spain sink Denmark
- Interim boss Carsley has not applied for England job
- Mets hurler Senga ready to take on Dodgers in game one of NL Championship Series
- Ronaldo on target again as Portugal defeat Poland in Nations League
- Guardians rip Tigers 7-3 to advance in MLB playoffs
- AFP, BBC win top French war reporting awards
- Carsley goes back to basics as humbled England face Finland
- Alex Salmond: the man who took Scotland to the brink of independence
- Scotland's former leader Alex Salmond dies aged 69: party
- UN warns of catastrophe as Israel fights a two-front war
- Croatia extend Scotland's losing streak
- South Africa, New Zealand boost T20 World Cup semi-final hopes
- 'Very challenging': Israel faces Hezbollah in tricky terrain
- Farrell begins to feel at home as Racing 92 beat Toulon
- South Africa boost T20 World Cup semi-final hopes with Bangladesh win
- Samson ton powers India to T20 series sweep after record total
- Djokovic to face Sinner in Shanghai final with 100th title in sight
- UN peacekeepers to remain in Lebanon: spokesman
- Pro-Conquest film fuels debate in Mexico over colonial legacy
- Samson ton powers India to record 297-6 in Bangladesh T20
- New Zealand enjoy perfect start to America's Cup defence over Britain
- Pogacar emulates icon Coppi with fourth straight Il Lombardia triumph
- UN warns against 'catastrophic' regional conflict
- New Zealand crush Ineos Britannia in America's Cup opener
- Djokovic to face Sinner in blockbuster Shanghai Masters final
- With medical report Harris seeks to play health card against Trump
- Sri Lanka seeks to match success in W.Indies T20s
- Sinner reaches Shanghai final, will end year number one
- China-EU EV tariff talks in Brussels end with 'major differences': Beijing
- Sabalenka downs Gauff in three sets to reach Wuhan final
- Israel warns south Lebanon residents to 'not return'
- Sinner tames Machac to reach Shanghai Masters final
- Buried Nazi past haunts Athens on liberation anniversary
- Harris to release medical report confirming fitness for presidency: campaign
- Nobel prize a timely reminder, Hiroshima locals say
- Hezbollah fires at Israel as wars rage on Yom Kippur
- Analysts warn more detail needed on new China economic measures
- China tees up fresh spending to boost ailing economy
- China says will issue special bonds to boost ailing economy
- China offers $325 bn in fiscal stimulus for ailing economy
- Dodgers drop Padres 2-0 to advance in MLB playoffs
- Alexei Navalny wrote he knew he would die in prison in new memoir
- Last-minute legal ruling allows betting on US election
- Despite hurricanes, Floridians refuse to leave 'paradise'
- Israel observes Yom Kippur amid firestorm over Lebanon strikes
- Trump demonizes migrants in dark, misleading speech
- X says 'alert' to manipulation efforts after pro-Russia bots report
- US, European markets rise before Boeing unveils sweeping job cuts
- Small Quebec company dominates one part of NHL hockey: jerseys
China quietly expanding influence in Taliban-ruled Afghanistan
While most of the world treats Afghanistan's Taliban government as a pariah, China is growing diplomatic and economic links -- and Kabul is happy for the attention.
Top-level meetings between officials, new mineral deals, and the upgrading of transport routes between the two countries are regularly championed by Taliban government officials.
While Beijing has played down the formality of these growing links, it is steadily increasing investment and exposure -- a relationship that could benefit both parties, analysts and diplomats say.
"The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan is a challenging terrain, but the characteristic of the Chinese is to go where no one else goes, trying to gain advantages," said Valerie Niquet, an analyst with the Foundation for Strategic Research in Paris.
"The Chinese are extending a hand to the Afghans, who need all possible assistance."
In September China became the first country to appoint a new ambassador to Kabul, and on Tuesday the Taliban government's envoy to Beijing -- along with dozens of other diplomats -- presented his credentials to Chinese President Xi Jinping.
Last month China joined Russia in abstaining on a UN Security Council vote calling for the appointment of a special envoy to Afghanistan -- something strongly opposed by the Taliban authorities.
The expectations of the international community include allowing girls and women to be educated, letting them to work, introducing a more inclusive government, and greater protection for minorities.
But China's approach -- exchanging ambassadors without official recognition -– allows Beijing to maintain relations while also not breaking ranks with the rest of the world.
"Fundamentally, China doesn't care about women's rights; if its interest is to get closer to the Taliban regime, it won't impose conditions," Niquet told AFP.
In turn, Taliban authorities have said nothing about the alleged mistreatment and rights abuses suffered by Muslim Uyghurs in China's Xinjiang region bordering Afghanistan.
- Natural resources -
The prize in all this is access to Afghanistan's wealth of untapped mineral resources -- as well as a market for Chinese goods.
"The vast natural resources of Afghanistan, such as copper, lithium, or rare earths, have significant economic potential for China," said Jalal Bazwan, assistant professor of political science at Kardan University in Kabul.
Immediately after his installation in December as Afghanistan's ambassador to Beijing, Bilal Karimi held discussions with the Chinese state-owned company MCC on Mes Aynak, the world's second-largest copper deposit, some 40 kilometres (25 miles) from the capital Kabul.
MCC obtained exploitation rights in 2008 -- worth some $3.5 billion -- but the project was paralysed by war and insecurity.
The discovery of Buddhist archaeological remains at the site further complicated development.
"These historical assets are a cultural treasure for Afghanistan, part of its identity," says Hamayoon Afghan, spokesman for the ministry of mines -- an about-face from the Taliban's previous incarnation, which 23 years ago stunned the world by destroying the Bamiyan Buddhas, deeming them un-Islamic.
Thirsty for hydrocarbons, China is also interested in the potential of Afghan oil.
Since the renegotiation in January 2023 of an old contract in the northwestern Amu Basin, Sino-Afghan extraction has begun in 18 wells, says the mines ministry.
Afghan authorities have also announced plans by Chinese companies to invest half a billion dollars in solar energy in the country.
- New Silk Road -
A 300-kilometre road under construction will connect Badakhshan to the Chinese border, according to Ashraf Haqshanas, spokesman for the ministry of public works.
The two countries share a border just 76 kilometres long, but this new link will significantly boost trade, currently a modest $1.5 billion per year.
Despite its largesse, the security of its investments remains crucial for China.
A deadly Islamic State group attack in December 2022 on a Kabul hotel housing Chinese nationals group shocked Beijing, which urged Taliban authorities to improve security.
During the Taliban's first stint in power from 1996-2001, they hosted hundreds of Uyghur militants from China -- the United States detained 22 of them for years in Guantanamo Bay -- and Beijing is wary of any new threat from the group.
"In 2021, there were reports of Uyghur militants being forcefully evacuated from border regions near China-Afghanistan," said Bazwan.
"The Taliban have assured China that they will prevent Afghan soil from being used for terrorist attacks against its neighbours," he added, although neighbour Pakistan insists Kabul has not kept its promises on this.
As part of its rapprochement, Beijing is also exercising its "soft power" by delivering humanitarian aid -- in particular following recent deadly earthquakes.
In Kabul, there is even a modest "Chinatown" -- two eight-story buildings where cheap Chinese products are sold.
"Belt and Road" is written in red Chinese calligraphy at the top of the building, referring to the massive infrastructure project linking China to Central Asia and the rest of the world.
Afghanistan could also be integrated into the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor -- the cornerstone of the project -- leading to the port of Gwadar, a strategic outlet for China on the Arabian Sea in Pakistan's south.
"The strategic position of Afghanistan along the Belt and Road initiative makes it an attractive partner," said Bazwan.
L.Durand--AMWN